# BPC-157 TB-500 References: The Cited Sources Behind the Wolverine Blend Record

> BPC-157 TB-500 references: the peer-reviewed studies, reviews, and FDA sources cited across this site, with DOIs, PMIDs, and links to the primary record.

Every quantitative claim on this site resolves to one of the entries below — peer-reviewed studies, recent reviews, and FDA primary sources.

## The cited record

The BPC-157 TB-500 references below are the full source list for this site. The constituent-research entries are filed by peptide and by finding; the regulatory entries are FDA primary sources, verified loading and containing the cited text. Each inline marker across the research, soft-tissue-repair, dosage, legal-status, and FAQ pages resolves to a numbered entry here. Identifiers (DOI, PMID, FDA URL) are included so the primary record can be checked directly.

The research base is deliberately split. Entries 1-2 and 12 carry BPC-157; entries 3-8 carry TB-500 and its parent protein Thymosin Beta-4; entries 9-11 are the recent reviews that bound the human evidence and confirm the absence of any combination study; entries 13-15 are the FDA compounding and advisory-committee sources behind the legal-status page.

## References

[1] Staresinic M, et al. Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth. J Orthop Res. 2003;21(6):976-983. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14554208/
[2] Hsieh MJ, et al. Therapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation. J Mol Med (Berl). 2017;95:323-333. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27847966/
[3] Irobi E, et al. Structural basis of actin sequestration by thymosin-beta4: implications for WH2 proteins. EMBO J. 2004;23(18):3599-3608. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15329672/
[4] Goldstein AL, Hannappel E, Sosne G, Kleinman HK. Thymosin beta4: a multi-functional regenerative peptide. Basic properties and clinical applications. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2012;12(1):37-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22074294/
[5] Malinda KM, et al. Thymosin beta4 accelerates wound healing. J Invest Dermatol. 1999;113(3):364-368. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10469335/
[6] Philp D, et al. Thymosin beta4 increases hair growth by activation of hair follicle stem cells. FASEB J. 2004;18(2):385-387. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14657002/
[7] Philp D, et al. Thymosin beta4 promotes angiogenesis, wound healing, and hair follicle development. Mech Ageing Dev. 2004;125(2):113-115. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15037013/
[8] Esposito S, et al. Synthesis and characterization of the N-terminal acetylated 17-23 fragment of thymosin beta 4 identified in TB-500, a product suspected to possess doping potential. Drug Test Anal. 2012;4(9):733-738. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22962027/
[9] Emerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review. HSS J. 2025. (36 studies, 35 preclinical and 1 human; "no clinical safety data"; no mention of TB-500 or combination use.) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40756949/
[10] Mendias CL, Awan TM. Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance. Sports Med. 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41966639/
[11] Regeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40789979/
[12] Protective Effects of BPC 157 on Liver, Kidney, and Lung Distant Organ Damage in Rats with Experimental Lower-Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Medicina (Kaunas). 2025;61(2):291. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40005408/
[13] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Certain Bulk Drug Substances for Use in Compounding That May Present Significant Safety Risks. (Category 2 entries for "BPC-157 (free base)" / "BPC-157 acetate" and "Thymosin beta-4, fragment (LKKTETQ), also known as TB-500"; effective with the September 29, 2023 list update.) https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/certain-bulk-drug-substances-use-compounding-may-present-significant-safety-risks
[14] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act. (503A/503B framework; Category 1 and Category 2 definitions; bulks-list and PCAC nomination process.) https://www.fda.gov/drugs/human-drug-compounding/bulk-drug-substances-used-compounding-under-section-503a-fdc-act
[15] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. July 23-24, 2026: Meeting of the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee. (Public agenda listing BPC-157 and TB-500 among bulk drug substances "being considered for inclusion on the 503A Bulks List"; a scheduled discussion, not a decision.) https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/july-23-24-2026-meeting-pharmacy-compounding-advisory-committee-07232026

---

A curated property-portal listing of the BPC-157 TB-500 record — each constituent finding, dose parameter, and FDA 503A access mark filed as its own cited entry, with no clinic, pharmacy, or prescription behind the keyline.